Marrakech is a city that is full of historical monuments, witnesses of its glorious past and its cultural richness. Among these monuments, there is one that stands out for its antiquity, its elegance and its originality: the Qoubba el-Baadiyn. It is a religious building built in the 12th century by the Almoravid dynasty, which ruled over Morocco and part of Spain and West Africa. The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is the last remnant of this dynasty in Marrakech, and one of the rare examples of Almoravid architecture in the world.
The History and Function of the Qoubba el-Baadiyn
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn (which means in Arabic “the dome of the two Baadi”) was built in 1117 by the Almoravid sultan Ali ben Youssef, who also built the Ben Youssef Mosque and the city walls. The Qoubba el-Baadiyn was the center of ablution for the believers going to the mosque. The complex, which was active for several centuries, was also one of the first fountains of the city of Marrakech and ensured the water supply of the population and its animals.
The Architecture and Decoration of the Qoubba el-Baadiyn
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is a small square building with a dome on top. It has three entrances, one on each side except for the south side, which faces the mosque. The dome is supported by four arches that rest on four pillars. The dome has a skylight that allows natural light to enter.
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is remarkable for its extraordinary decoration, which reflects the art and craftsmanship of the Almoravids. The walls are covered with carved plaster that forms geometric patterns, floral motifs, and Arabic inscriptions. The inscriptions include verses from the Quran, prayers, and praises to God and the sultan. The dome is decorated with carved wood that forms a star-shaped pattern. The ceiling is painted with vivid colors that contrast with the white plaster.
The three fountains and the ablution center were fed by a system of underground galleries (khettaras in Arabic) that ended in a cistern where bronze pipes brought water to the basins. The cistern can be accessed by a staircase from inside the Qoubba el-Baadiyn.
Location and Accessibility
Situated opposite the entrance to the Ben Youssef Mosque and just a stone’s throw away from the Marrakech Museum, the Qoubba el-Baadiyn is easily accessible to visitors exploring the heart of Marrakech.
Restoration Efforts
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn underwent restoration by the Omar-Benjelloun Foundation following a partnership agreement with the Moroccan Ministry of Culture in September 1999. This restoration initiative also encompassed the Ben Youssef Madrasa. The site’s enclosing wall, present since its discovery, was replaced with an iron grille, offering a clearer view of this architectural gem. A more recent restoration was undertaken by the Moroccan Ministry of Culture in 2019, further preserving its legacy.
Tips and Recommendations for a Successful Visit
Plan your visit in advance:
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is not very large, so you can visit it in less than an hour. However, if you want to combine it with other attractions nearby, such as the Ben Youssef Mosque, the Marrakech Museum, or the Medina, you may need more time. We recommend planning your itinerary in advance and checking the opening hours and prices of each attraction.
Dress appropriately:
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is a religious building, so you should dress respectfully and modestly. Avoid wearing shorts, skirts, or sleeveless tops. You may also need to cover your head with a scarf or a hat. You will also need to remove your shoes before entering the Qoubba el-Baadiyn.
Dive into History:
To truly appreciate the Qoubba’s significance, consider hiring a local guide. Their insights into the structure’s history and Marrakech’s evolution will provide a richer experience.
Photography Tips:
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is a beautiful and photogenic monument that deserves to be captured on camera.
Capture the Qoubba’s intricate designs, especially the arches and ceiling. The play of light and shadow on the structure provides excellent photo opportunities.
Enjoy the atmosphere:
The Qoubba el-Baadiyn is not only a historical monument, but also a place where you can feel the spirit and charm of Marrakech. You can enjoy the sound of water flowing from the fountains, the smell of incense burning in the lamps, and the sight of birds flying over the dome. You can also interact with locals who come to pray or wash at the Qoubba el-Baadiyn.
We hope that this article has inspired you to visit the Qoubba el-Baadiyn, Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or a curious traveler, the Qoubba promises a unique and enlightening experience in the heart of Marrakech.